OK, please pardon me if I ramble.
The first problem to lay to rest is that the constitution is a set of laws. It is not. At least not in the sense of laws as passed by legislatures. It is a document that describes and lays out the methodology of a government that is born of and is to operate allegedly by the will of the people who are being governed. In essence, it is supposed to be government by the governed. That being said it is not that and it never was. There are some laws in the document such as the bill of rights and the amendments which provide structure for certain circumstances and cases. Beyond that? It forbids certain things such as bills of attainder. It permits and indeed was created to allow for the federal government to pass legislation which becomes laws for the country. Yes, yes, there are limits but even these are vague.
What is crucial to realize is that the founders did NOT believe in democracy. That word has been tossed around with people claiming we are a democracy and people claiming we are not and the government was never intended to be a democracy. Jefferson and Adams corresponded throughout their lives and a term that arose was "accidental aristoi" which means, imo, an aristocracy whose purpose or who obtained the ability to place themselves in government by constitutional means to run the country. Jefferson, iirc, had an image of the gentleman-statesman meaning an aristoi that took seriously a duty to be in government and lead ( my thoughts here) a benighted people forward while preserving a social structure which kept people in their place including those deemed "the other" such as slaves, immigrants of different cultural and racial backgrounds. We must recall that the founders were, for the most part, better educated by far than the common person. They were also people of their times to a degree which is bullshit as there were abolitionists in the 1700's. They simply chose a path to create a government which meant NOT dealing with slavery. If they had the country would have fractured immediately. That being said the failure to resolve slavery has been a problem for centuries and will continue to be.
As to laws, the review, abolishment and alteration are important tools.
Regarding the political economy, the country has over the course of centuries created a rigid class structure which is likely to continue for a very long time. Upward social movement was, for a time, possible but has become far less so. Wealth inequality is a danger as are reactionary forces arising to changing demographics. Behind all that is the continued rise of China, the potential instability caused by Russia and climate change.
Due to the rise of reactionary populism I give the country 30-50 years, max.