ropose and work out some of the implications of a particular way of understanding the aim of affirmative action.

This annotated bibliography explores the origin, nature, and merit of the current debate on the need for affirmative action.

Justifying Gender-Based Affirmative Action

Affirmative action was established as part of society's efforts to address continuing problems of discrimination; the empirical evidence presented in the preceding chapter indicates that it has had some positive impact on remedying the effects of discrimination. Whether such discrimination lingers today is a central element of an analysis of affirmative action. The conclusion is clear: discrimination and exclusion remain all too common.